Power to Gas : future energy solution to store renewable electricity

Power to gas storage is a technology that converts electrical power to a gas storage fuel. When using surplus power from wind generation, the concept is sometimes called windgas. There are currently three methods in use all use electricity to split water into hydrogen and oxygen by means of electrolysis.

In the first method, the resulting hydrogen is injected into the natural gas grid or is used in transport or industry. The second method is to combine the hydrogen with carbon dioxide and convert the two gases to methane see natural gas using a methanation reaction such as the Sabatier reaction resulting in an extra energy conversion loss of 8%. The methane /SNG may then be fed into the natural gas grid or further converted in to LPG by synthesising SNG with partial reverse hydrogenation at high pressure and low temperature. LPG in turn can be converted into alkylate which is a premium gasoline blending stock because it has exceptional antiknock properties and gives clean burning. The third method uses the output gas of a wood gas generator or a biogas plant, after the biogas upgrader is mixed with the produced hydrogen from the electrolyzer, to upgrade the quality of the biogas.

As the proportion of renewable energy supply to the electricity grid increases, the ability to match this unscheduled intermittent supply with demand becomes increasingly problematic. In fact as the deployment meets and exceeds 20% capacity, as already experienced in many countries, grid balancing issues become acute leading to the curtailment of wind. This is driving the need for long term, large scale energy storage solutions.

Most developed counties already own a vast energy storage infrastructure through the pressurisation of existing transmission and distribution infrastructure. This allows it to be recharged without the need of it being discharged first, so when the wind blows, this can be taken and used to top up storage, this is critical for storing renewable energy which is intermittent in its generation.

Power to gas storage is a technology that converts electrical power to a gas storage fuel. When using surplus power from wind generation, the concept is sometimes called windgas. There are currently three methods in use all use electricity to split water into hydrogen and oxygen by means of electrolysis. Crystal TCS supply Power to Gas Energy Storage Systems.

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